Dependence and non-intervention: Explaining drivers’ experience of taxi platforms’ algorithmic management in Oslo, Norway
研究挪威奥斯陆出租车平台如何通过算法管理控制司机，但司机因多平台选择和平台不直接干预劳动过程而仍感到自主，揭示了市场结构对算法管理体验的影响。
While attracting workers by promising autonomy, gig platforms exercise significant control through algorithmic management. This article explores the algorithmic management of taxi platforms in Oslo, Norway and how it is experienced by the drivers. Drawing on extensive fieldwork in the industry, it shows that although the algorithmic management is opaque, unpredictable, and non-negotiable, the drivers nonetheless highlight their flexibility and do not necessarily experience it as control. The analysis highlights two factors explaining these experiences. First, drivers in Oslo have access to multiple platforms and non-platform market segments and therefore remain economically independent of each individual platform. Second, the platforms’ algorithmic management is a non-interventionist form of control, operating primarily through market mechanisms and without intervening directly in the drivers’ labor process. This underscores the importance of market structures in conditioning algorithmic management and emphasizes how platforms are able to provide autonomy at work while maintaining authority over the market.