Dual Sourcing in an Assembly System: A Simple and Effective Critical-Set Base-Surge Policy
针对多部件装配系统的双源采购问题，提出关键集基础-激增策略，结合常规源的恒定订单和快速源的激增处理，证明其渐近最优性，数值实验显示相比基准策略显著缩小最优性差距。
Coordinating Dual-Sourcing for Multi-Component Assembly Systems Assembly manufacturers are increasingly relying on dual sourcing—pairing a low-cost regular supplier with a faster but more expensive express option—to enhance supply chain resilience. Yet although dual sourcing is well understood for single items, managing it across multiple components in an assembly system has remained largely unresolved. In the paper, we introduce a novel Critical-Set Base-Surge (CSBS) policy, which combines a constant order policy for regular sources to meet base demand with a Critical-Set (CS) policy for express sources to handle surge demand. By revealing a weaker form of additive separability and proving exponential state convergence under CSBS, we provide a performance bound and establish asymptotic optimality as regular lead times grow. Numerical experiments show that, compared to benchmark policies that apply the Tailored Base-Surge policy, the CSBS policy achieves substantial optimality gap reductions. Furthermore, we propose a CSBS policy with easy-to-compute parameters and demonstrate that it delivers performance comparable with the CSBS policy.