Extra-territorial business and tax effects of constructing public infrastructures on the interregional fiscal balances
研究了西班牙中央政府资助的区域公共工程在建设阶段产生的跨区域第二轮直接效应，分析了中标企业的工业利润、管理费用和增值税，发现资源向建筑公司总部所在区域（如首都地区）显著回流。
This paper deals with the interregional second-round direct effects derived from the execution of public works in regional infrastructures financed by Spain’s General Administration. Focusing on the construction phase, it analyses the industrial profits, overheads and value added tax (VAT) of companies awarded regional contracts. Using data from Spain and Galicia for the period 2005–19, the study identifies a significant shadow ‘back-pumping’ of resources to regions housing major construction firms, such as the capital region. This research introduces key insights by measuring what it terms interregional second-round direct flows and their connection to interregional fiscal redistribution.