The Interactive Impact of Regulation, Entrepreneurship, and Cultural Values on Technology Adoption: Renewable Energy in the EU
研究了1998-2009年欧盟电力企业采纳可再生能源时，激励性政策比强制性政策更有效，且创业进入增强激励政策效果，环保文化价值观增强强制政策效果。
Abstract How can diverse sources legitimize new technology when it lacks economic parity? Government policies that endorse nascent technologies play a central role through regulatory legitimation. Yet, we know less about whether inducement policies that incentivize adoption or imposition policies that mandate it are more effective, and how that effectiveness depends on other sources of legitimation. We address this question by examining renewable energy adoption by incumbent electric utilities in the European Union from 1998 to 2009, a period when renewable energy had not yet achieved cost parity with fossil‐fuel alternatives. We find that inducement policies were generally more effective than imposition policies in fostering adoption. Further, entrepreneurial entry strengthened the impact of inducement policies through pragmatic legitimation, while pro‐environment cultural values strengthened the impact of imposition policies through normative legitimation. By showing how regulatory, pragmatic, and normative legitimation sources interact to shape technology adoption, we offer insights for accelerating technology transitions aimed at combating grand challenges such as climate change.