Differential effects of gaze sharing on situation awareness: evidence from coal mine monitoring
研究了在智能煤矿监控中，目光共享（可视化眼动信息）对操作员态势感知的影响，发现注视点模式能提升客观态势感知，注视轨迹模式则降低认知负荷，效果受信息质量和信任倾向调节。
To address the situation awareness (SA) decline caused by information overload in intelligent coal mine monitoring, this study introduced gaze sharing, a method that visualizes eye movements for others. Using a 3 (gaze sharing modes) × 2 (SA gaze quality) × 2 (task difficulty) within-subjects design, we examined its assistance value. Trust propensity was measured beforehand to control individual differences. Effects were evaluated using eye-tracking metrics, SAGAT, SART, and NASA-TLX. Results showed that gaze sharing enhanced objective SA and, in complex tasks, reduced cognitive workload. Among the sharing modes, the fixation dot most effectively enhanced objective SA, while the fixation trail reduced cognitive workload but provided limited enhancement in objective SA. High-quality gaze information strengthened its effectiveness, whereas high human-machine trust increased reliance on shared cues and reduced SA in simple tasks. These findings demonstrate the potential of gaze sharing in industrial monitoring and provide a reference for designing human-machine collaborative systems.Practitioner Summary This study explored how gaze sharing affects situation awareness in industrial monitoring. A multi-factor experiment using subjective and objective measures showed fixation dot mode reliably improved objective situation awareness, whereas fixation trail mode mainly reduced cognitive workload. Its effectiveness also depends on gaze information quality and operators’ trust propensity.