Gender Criteria Gap in Evaluation: Role of Perceived Intentions and Outcomes
研究发现，在结果由不可观察的选择和运气决定时，评价者对男性领导者的薪酬支付同时依据结果和感知意图，而对女性领导者仅依据结果，这构成了新的性别偏见来源。
ABSTRACT We investigate whether different criteria are used in evaluating male and female leaders when outcomes are determined by unobservable choices and luck. Evaluators form beliefs about leaders’ choices (perceived intentions) and make discretionary payments. We find that while payments to male leaders are determined by both outcomes and perceived intentions, those to female leaders are determined by outcomes only. We label this new source of gender bias as the gender criteria gap . Our findings imply that high outcomes are necessary for women to get bonuses, but men can receive bonuses for low outcomes if evaluators hold them in high regard.