Unraveling the Interplay Between Triple‐R and Sustainability in Supply Chains: A Complexity‐Based Analysis
研究了稳健性、响应性和韧性（三重R能力）对供应链可持续性的影响，并考察了供应链复杂性的调节作用，基于对199家巴基斯坦制造企业的调查数据。
ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of robustness, responsiveness, and resilience (Triple‐R capabilities) on supply chain sustainability while examining the moderating role of supply chain complexity. Drawing on dynamic capabilities and complexity theory, the study develops a conceptual model and tests it using survey data collected from 199 manufacturing firms in Pakistan. The results confirm that all three Triple‐R capabilities—robustness, responsiveness, and resilience—positively influence supply chain sustainability. Furthermore, robustness and resilience show enhanced effects under high supply chain complexity, whereas the moderating role of complexity on responsiveness is statistically insignificant. This study provides a holistic empirical examination of how Triple‐R capabilities contribute to sustainable supply chains in complex environments. It extends current literature by integrating dynamic capabilities and complexity theory, highlighting the need to tailor strategic capabilities to environmental contingencies.