Red Lines and Green Lights: Identity Work of Nonprofit Organizations in Business Partnerships
研究了两家环保非营利组织如何通过四种身份工作策略（划定边界、调和目标、肯定身份、退出合作）来应对与商业伙伴合作中的身份冲突，对非营利管理者和学者有参考价值。
Nonprofit organizations (NPOs) are increasingly partnering with businesses, a trend that often poses challenges such as accusations of “selling out,” mission drift, and even questions over organizational identity (i.e., “who we are as an organization”). In order to better understand how NPO decision-makers navigate these tensions inherent to business partnerships, this article adopts organizational identity work perspectives. Through a comparative study of two environmental NPOs, we uncover four distinct types of nonprofit identity work: demarcating partnership boundaries , reconciling partnership goals , affirming nonprofit identity , and retracting from partnership . Based on our findings, we develop an empirically grounded model that provides new insights into the content, temporal sequencing, and contingencies of organizational identity work in nonprofit-business partnerships, thereby enhancing our understanding of how NPOs manage identity-related tensions emerging from these partnerships.