The synergetic role of Lean and Industry 4.0 in the Industry 5.0 transition: a literature-informed framework
通过系统文献综述，提出一个框架展示精益实践与工业4.0技术如何共同支撑工业5.0的可持续性、韧性和人本中心三大支柱，并指出当前研究的不足与未来方向。
Lean and Industry 4.0 (I4.0) mutually reinforce operational excellence. Recently, however, companies have been urged to move beyond efficiency towards Industry 5.0 (I5.0), centred on sustainability, resilience, and human-centricity. Since I5.0 builds on I4.0 technologies, and Lean-I4.0 synergies are well established, scholars have suggested that their integration could support the transition to I5.0. Yet research remains limited and fragmented, often addressing the three pillars separately and discussing Lean and I4.0 at a high level, without identifying concrete practice-technology pairings for implementation. This study addresses this gap through a systematic literature review and proposes a framework showing how Lean practices and I4.0 technologies contribute to the three I5.0 pillars. The findings reveal multiple pairings, while also showing that several Lean practices remain underexplored, some relevant I4.0 technologies lack Lean integration, and current links focus mainly on manufacturing and shop-floor management. A future research agenda is proposed.