Exploring the Relationship Between Blockchain and Sustainability
通过文献计量方法分析434篇论文，梳理区块链在农业可追溯性、金融风险管理等方面的作用，指出该领域处于发展阶段，并讨论未来研究方向与挑战。
ABSTRACT Blockchain technology and its applications can drive sustainability by driving transparency, efficiency, and accountability in various industries. Research literature has addressed this topic through numerous publications in recent years. With the help of bibliometric methods, we analyze 434 documents to examine the most relevant authors and themes related to the relationship between blockchain technology and sustainability. The analyzed articles highlight critical issues, including blockchain's role in improving traceability in agriculture, managing financial risks, and addressing regulatory and infrastructure barriers. We describe the intellectual framework that grounded those publications, where we find four main clusters that address blockchain as a foundational technology that is linked with supply chain sustainability and transformation, and with energy consumption. Despite the growing development, blockchain and sustainability research is in a developmental stage. We discuss the possible areas for future research and the challenges that firms and regulators may face, including efficient validation mechanisms, privacy‐preserving solutions, and incentive models that align economic and environmental goals. The evolution of blockchain governance and incentives will play a crucial role in shaping sustainability impact. Interdisciplinary collaboration is very important to benefit from its possibilities while mitigating the negative effects.