The geography of economic mobility in 19th‐century Canada
利用1871至1901年加拿大人口普查关联数据，计算各地区代际流动性，发现安大略省流动性高、魁北克省低、沿海省份绝对流动性低，并探讨了人力资本、劳动力市场不平等及迁移和产业结构变化的影响。
Abstract This paper uses linked Census records from 1871 to 1901 to compute intergenerational mobility for Canadian regions and census divisions. The results reveal sharp differences in mobility over space: Ontario featured high relative and absolute mobility, Quebec low relative and absolute mobility and the Maritimes low absolute mobility. Local differences in human capital endowments and labour market inequality are correlated with division mobility patterns but do not account for regional differences, where migration and structural change toward industry and services appear important. Comparing spatial patterns of Canadian mobility in the 19th century to today shows substantial changes for Quebec districts.