Mockery from outside and from within: A neocolonial approach for human rights non-profit organizations in Morocco
研究摩洛哥非营利组织如何用嘲弄回应国际人道主义体制的报告压力，提出新殖民主义框架解释非合作空间的产生，对关注非政府组织、人权与复杂治理环境的学者有参考价值。
This article investigates how non-profit organizations (NPOs) in Morocco deploy mockery to respond to reporting pressures of an international humanitarian regime. Theoretically, we develop a neocolonial framework that integrates the inner and outer dimensions of mockery with its key mechanisms—epistemic filtering, template imposition, and tactical compliance—to explain the co-production of contested non-cooperative spaces. Based on multi-sited fieldwork in NPOs working in Morocco, the study makes three contributions. Firstly, we reposition epistemic neocolonialism not only as error (misrepresentation) but as performance (mockery): a ritualized genre that diminishes participation, manufactures non-cooperation, and undermines resistance. Secondly, we go beyond the dominance/resistance binary by theorizing complicity, conviviality, and parody as co-present in NPOs, showing how refusal and compliance interpenetrate within hybrid authoritarian governance and donor-driven regimes in Morocco. Thirdly, we extend research on NPOs in the Souths by offering a spatialization of neocolonial power in the non-profit sector, which ties mockery to the creation of contested non-cooperative spaces: our study shows that marginalized groups do not merely encounter discursive misrepresentation but are structurally positioned in non-cooperative environments where neocolonial actors systematically stifle cooperation.