Operationalizing Circular Supply Chain Management: Scale Development and Empirical Validation
针对循环供应链管理概念模糊且缺乏测量工具的问题，开发并验证了一个包含13个题项的量表，涵盖产品设计、供应商参与、生产物流、利益相关者合作和员工培训五个维度，为管理者提供诊断工具。
ABSTRACT This study addresses the conceptual fragmentation and the lack of a measurement tool in circular supply chain management (CSCM), a field in which confusion with traditional sustainability strategies limits operational progress. The objective is to develop and validate a measurement instrument capable of capturing the transition toward the implementation of circular economy principles across the supply chain. A three‐phase methodology was employed: an extensive literature review for item generation, empirical validation through a survey of 40 international experts, and cross‐validation via a managerial focus group. The resulting 13‐item scale encompasses circular product design, supplier involvement, production and logistics processes, stakeholder partnerships, and employee training. The results demonstrate high reliability and strong discriminant validity against green and sustainable supply chain strategies, which are closely related and often conflated. These findings provide managers with a parsimonious diagnostic tool to guide circular transformation pathways and support strategic decision‐making.