Trade, Migration, and Productivity: A Quantitative Analysis of China
研究商品和劳动力市场摩擦如何影响中国总体劳动生产率，发现2000至2005年间贸易和移民成本下降贡献了36%的劳动生产率增长，且内部贸易和移民成本下降比外部贸易成本更重要。
We study how goods- and labor-market frictions affect aggregate labor productivity in China. Combining unique data with a general equilibrium model of internal and international trade, and migration across regions and sectors, we quantify the magnitude and consequences of trade and migration costs. The costs were high in 2000, but declined afterward. The decline accounts for 36 percent of the aggregate labor productivity growth between 2000 and 2005. Reductions in internal trade and migration costs are more important than reductions in external trade costs. Despite the decline, migration costs are still high and potential gains from further reform are large.