Land Consolidation through Land Fragmentation: Case Studies from Taiwant
通过台湾的四个案例，展示了共同所有权如何被用来延迟甚至逆转农地细碎化，从而实现农地经营和所有权的整合。
Land property rights take many forms, of which individual and joint ownership are only two. Individual ownership means that one person owns each cadastral plot. Joint ownership pertains to cadastral plots owned in undivided fractional shares by two or more coowners. Usually the shares are 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, and the like, though such extremes as 1/1,440 of a one-acre plot and 2,450/282,240,000 of a 0.3284-acre plot are known [Gosling 1960], [Vander Meer and Vander Meer 1968, p. 147]. Given the capacity to minutely subdivide already small cadastral plots it takes little imagination to project the eventual effects that joint ownership might have on the number and dispersal of the plots making up a single farm. Paradoxically, in Europe where individual ownership is the rule, farm fragmentation is more serious than in East Asia where both joint and individual ownership occur.' In East Asia joint ownership is used to delay, and even to reverse, the processes of fragmentation. The purpose of this paper is to show how, why, and to what extent joint ownership is used to consolidate farm holdings both for operation and for ownership.2 After illustrating the consolidation process with four case studies and assessing its impact on fragmentation in Chulin Village, Taiwan, some general conclusions are drawn. CASE 1