INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION AND THE INDUSTRIAL COMPOSITION OF MULTINATIONAL ACTIVITY
构建一个南北模型，研究南方知识产权保护如何影响国际技术转移的模式和产业构成，发现加强保护会促使跨国活动从外国直接投资转向许可，并减少当地模仿。
In a North‐South model with endogenous foreign direct investment ( FDI ), we examine the impact of Southern intellectual property rights ( IPR ) protection on the mode and industrial composition of international technology transfer. A novel feature of the model is that, due to technological reasons, industries differ with respect to their susceptibility to imitation. In equilibrium, licensing occurs in industries where the risk of imitation is low and FDI where it is of intermediate magnitude. Stronger IPRs in the South (1) alter the industrial composition of multinational activity toward licensing at the expense of FDI ; (2) reduce local imitation; and (3) increase licensing and, to a lesser extent, FDI .