DX: A Deontic Expert System
描述了一个利用道义规则推理组织和社会系统中规范约束的专家系统原型，可应用于官僚机构、电子合同及组织政策管理，帮助降低规范应用的复杂性。
:Social norms have a pervasive effect on our lives, affecting how and what we eat, how we dress, where and how we travel, our recreation, the way we work, and our participation in the society at large. Other social norms make constraints on the behavior of commercial companies and other institutions, affecting the way they do business, their treatment of employees, their treatment of the environment, and so on. As societies grow and become more diverse, the system of norms becomes correspondingly complex. This paper attempts to bring computational assistance to bear in managing and interacting with these normative systems. A prototype expert system is described that utilizes deontic rules for reasoning about normative constraints in organizations and other social systems. Applications to bureaucracies and electronic contracting systems are discussed. DX can be used to model regulations and policies in organizations, such as library regulations of universities, resource access policies, and the like. Also, regulatory aspects in interorganizational systems (e.g., EDI) can be effectively modeled and managed by DX. Automated regulation and policy reasoning help manage normative rules and reduce complexity in their applications.